PENDIDIKAN AKIDAH AKHLAK PERSPEKTIF PROFETIK UNTUK KETAHANAN MORAL SISWA DI TENGAH ARUS GLOBALISASI: KAJIAN LITERATUR ATAS KONSEP TAZKIYATUN NAFS, PENDIDIKAN NILAI, DAN MODERASI

Globalisation poses serious challenges to students’ moral resilience in the form of individualism, hedonism and identity crises; consequently, religious and moral education must respond with an approach that integrates spiritual, moral and social dimensions. This literature review aims to synthesise concepts and research findings related to tazkiyatun nafs, values education, and religious moderation within a prophetic framework to formulate a conceptual model of religious and moral education that is operational and contextually relevant. The method used is a literature review (library research) employing a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the study indicate that education in faith and ethics from a prophetic perspective, integrated with tazkiyatun nafs, offers a holistic approach to building students’ moral resilience, wherein the example of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) serves as an external model and the process of spiritual purification acts as an internal self-regulatory mechanism, complementing one another. Education in values and religious moderation (wasathiyah) constitutes a strategic component that mutually reinforces these elements by shaping students who possess a commitment to the nation, are anti-violence, tolerant, and accommodating of diversity. This study recommends the development of a conceptual model for prophetic-based faith and ethics education with three main pillars: (1) spiritual internalisation through tazkiyatun nafs, (2) internalisation of values through reflective values education, and (3) the promotion of religious moderation through dialogic pedagogy and digital literacy.