THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS ON THE ACCURACY OF STUDENT GRADES

Digital assessment systems have become an integral part of modern educational transformation, yet their effectiveness in ensuring the accuracy of student marks remains a subject of academic debate. This article aims to analyse the effectiveness of digital assessment systems in terms of the accuracy of student marks through a literature review. The findings indicate that digital assessment systems are generally more effective than conventional methods in improving the accuracy of marks, with a reduction in administrative errors of up to 85 per cent and a level of agreement with human assessors ranging from 0.85 to 0.92. However, this effectiveness varies depending on the type of assessment, the quality of implementation, and the educational context, with digital systems excelling in objective assessments but still facing challenges in assessments involving creativity and higher-order thinking. Factors influencing effectiveness include algorithm quality, pedagogical alignment, teachers’ digital literacy, and technological infrastructure. The conclusion of this review is that digital assessment systems have transformative potential to improve assessment accuracy, but require a hybrid approach that combines the strengths of technology and human assessment, as well as implementation that holistically considers technical, pedagogical and organisational factors. Further research is needed, particularly in the context of primary and secondary education in developing countries.